?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_(graph_theory)

Path
Simple path
Cycle
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Связный_граф#Некоторые_критерии_связности

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_(graph_theory)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivity_(graph_theory)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting

Directed graphs

https://www.quora.com/How-would-we-prove-that-every-tree-with-at-least-two-vertices-have-at-least-two-leaves
Maybe:
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1127514/every-tree-has-two-leaves-is-my-proof-ok
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/732734/a-tree-has-at-least-two-leafs-proof-by-contradiction
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1746743/prove-that-trees-have-at-least-two-vertices-of-degree-one
https://brainly.com/question/7304488
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/689010/graph-theory-tree-has-at-least-2-vertices-of-degree-1

Undirected graphs

IMPORTANT: Здесь граф — неориентированный, без петель и кратных ребер.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14736909/construct-a-graph-from-given-node-degrees
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(graph_theory)#Degree_sequence
http://stu.alnam.ru/book_grnet-67

Paths, cycles, connectivity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulerian_path
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian_path

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biconnected_component
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Шарнир_(теория_графов)

Isomorphisms

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_isomorphism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_isomorphism_problem

Bipartite graphs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipartite_graph
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Двудольный_граф

Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs

http://mathworld.wolfram.com/EulerGraph.html
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/EulerianGraph.html

Trees

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(graph_theory)

Tree is a connected, undirected graph without cycles.

Trees of $n$ vertices have $n-1$ edges.

Spanning trees

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_tree

Planar graphs and Euler’s theorem

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_graph
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_graph#Euler's_formula
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_characteristic#Plane_graphs
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/261227/understanding-the-proof-of-eulers-formula

Diameter, center

?

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Теорема_Понтрягина_—_Куратовского
http://neerc.ifmo.ru/wiki/index.php?title=Теорема_Понтрягина-Куратовского
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuratowski's_theorem

Graph diameter

Questions